Philipp Hager

Two-tower models are a popular unbiased learning-to-rank (ULTR) approach for mitigating position bias in clicks. A major challenge in two-tower models is identifiability: whether relevance and position bias can be uniquely determined from clicks. Recent work shows that two-tower models can be ide...

CLAX is a JAX-based library that implements classic click models using modern gradient-based optimization. While neural click models have emerged over the past decade, complex click models based on probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) have not systematically adopted gradient-based optimization,...