Jian Liang

Test-Time Reinforcement Learning (TTRL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance reasoning capabilities on unlabeled test streams by deriving pseudo-rewards from majority voting consensus.However, existing TTRL methods rely exclusively on positive pseudo-labeling strategies.Such reliance b...

Test-time reinforcement learning (TTRL) always adapts models at inference time via pseudo-labeling, leaving it vulnerable to spurious optimization signals from label noise.Through an empirical study, we observe that responses with medium consistency form an ambiguity region and constitute the pri...